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Internal Medicine

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Artificial intelligence (AI) driven enhancements in clinical pharmacology on the ICU

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Noor Ali Shah
Noor Ali Shah
2024年12月30日

Dear Mazen,

We will appreciate to have a detail webinar or course on this new subject.

Thanks and regards.

Goals and Targets in diabetic patients according to last ADA guidelines


1️⃣ Glycemic targets

✍️ Target A1C in most adults is < 7

✍️ Target A1C in patients with good health and function , and low treatment risks is < 6.5

✍️ Target A1C in Healthy older adults is up to 7.5 ( < 7.5)

✍️Target A1C in older adults with complex/intermediate health is < 8

✍️ Target A1C in older adults with very complex ( poor health ) and any adults with limited life expectancy --> No A1C goal

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🟣 Hyaline Casts


🔸1. *Benign*: Commonly found in healthy individuals, especially after exercise or dehydration.

🔸2. *Dehydration*: Indicates dehydration or concentrated urine.

🔸3. *Non-specific*: Can be seen in various conditions, including hypertension, heart failure, and liver disease.

🔸4. *No renal damage*: Typically indicates no significant renal damage.

🔸5. *Reversible*: Usually disappear with hydration.


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